St. Clair, Missouri – A Way Stop on Route 66 – Legends of America

Nestled in the southeastern corner of Franklin County, Missouri, St. Clair stands as a testament to the enduring spirit of the American Midwest. This charming town, strategically positioned along the historic Route 66, boasts a rich tapestry of history, woven from the threads of Native American heritage, pioneer settlement, industrial growth, and the allure of the open road.

A Glimpse into the Past

The story of St. Clair begins long before the arrival of Route 66, with the earliest inhabitants of the region being the Illinois Indians. These indigenous people thrived in the fertile lands of eastern Missouri, their lives intertwined with the rhythms of nature. However, the tide of westward expansion brought profound changes, and by the 1830s, the Native American tribes were forcibly relocated to present-day Oklahoma, opening the door for white settlement.

Among the first to answer the call were Frenchmen, drawn by the promise of gold and silver in the early 1720s. But it was the farmers who truly shaped the landscape, clearing the dense forests to cultivate their crops. Others sought their fortunes in the area’s rich mineral deposits, working in the lead and barite mines that dotted the region, including the Virginia Mines just a few miles southwest of St. Clair, as well as the iron and lead mines of nearby Moselle and Anaconda.

The Birth of a Town

In 1843, B.J. Inge, a visionary entrepreneur, recognized the potential of the area and established a stagecoach way station along the bustling road connecting St. Louis and Springfield, where it intersected with the route to Virginia Mines. This humble establishment, known as "Traveler’s Repose," served as a haven for weary travelers, offering lodging, refreshments, and a vital postal service. The stagecoach station was a substantial structure, comprising 13 rooms for lodging, a welcoming tavern, and the essential post office.

As the years passed, the need for more efficient transportation grew, and in 1859, the Missouri Pacific Railroad arrived, forever altering the destiny of the town. In honor of a railroad civil engineer, the settlement was officially named St. Clair, and a formal town plat was established. The arrival of the railroad transformed St. Clair into a thriving shipping center, facilitating the transport of lead, iron ore, barite, lumber, livestock, poultry, and grain.

A Woman of Distinction

St. Clair holds a special place in history as the birthplace of Phoebe Elizabeth Apperson, a remarkable woman who would leave an indelible mark on the world. Born in 1842, Phoebe’s life took an extraordinary turn in June 1862, when she married millionaire George Hearst, a man who had struck gold during the California Gold Rush of 1849.

George, originally from nearby Sullivan, Missouri, had returned to care for his ailing mother when he met Phoebe. Despite their age difference – she was just 19, while he was 40 – they fell in love and embarked on a life of adventure and philanthropy.

After their marriage, the couple moved to San Francisco, California, where Phoebe gave birth to their only child, William Randolph Hearst. Phoebe became a prominent American philanthropist, feminist, and suffragist, dedicating her life to improving the lives of others. Meanwhile, George continued to expand his mining empire, investing in mines across the West, including the Homestake Mine in the Black Hills of South Dakota, the Comstock Lode and the Ophir Mine in Nevada, the Ontario Silver Mine in Utah, and the Anaconda Copper Mine in Montana. Their son, William, would later achieve international fame as a newspaper magnate and publisher.

Route 66 and the Modern Era

While mining and lumbering remained important to St. Clair’s economy, their influence began to wane in the early 1920s. The town’s fortunes were revived in 1922 with the arrival of the International Shoe Company, which quickly became the town’s largest employer. Further boosting the town was the arrival of Route 66 in 1926, which brought more people through, and area citizens responded by building services along the highway. By 1930, the town boasted a population of 1145.

The iconic "Mother Road" breathed new life into St. Clair, attracting travelers from far and wide. Motels, restaurants, and roadside attractions sprang up along the highway, catering to the needs of those seeking adventure and a taste of Americana. One such establishment was Art’s Motel and Cabins, a popular stop for weary travelers seeking rest and relaxation.

Although Route 66 was eventually rerouted to the west of town in the 1950s, later becoming Interstate 44, St. Clair continued to thrive. After the International Shoe Company closed in 1982, many residents began commuting to St. Louis for employment. However, in the following years, more industries and businesses were established. Today, St. Claire’s population is about 4,700.

Historic Landmarks and Local Treasures

St. Clair’s rich history is preserved in several historic sites, including the old three-story International Shoe Company building at 160 N. Main Street, which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994. The old Panhorst Feed Store, established in 1918 at 465 Saint Clair Street, was also listed on the National Register in 1990.

For those seeking a deeper understanding of the town’s past, the St. Clair Historical Museum, located at 560 S Main Street, offers a fascinating collection of Indian artifacts, mining items, and other St. Clair and Franklin County memorabilia. At 145 Main Street, the family-owned Lewis Cafe has been serving home-cooked meals since 1938.

As travelers continue southwest, a photo opportunity arises when St. Clair’s quirky hot and cold water towers appear.

Beyond St. Clair

As travelers continue their journey along Route 66, they will soon encounter another iconic landmark: the Meramec Caverns. These breathtaking caverns, located in nearby Stanton, offer a glimpse into the subterranean wonders of Missouri. Along the way, be sure to keep an eye out for the large barn that advertises Meramec Caverns between St. Clair and Stanton, Missouri.

Route 66 meanders along the North Service Road for about 8.5 miles to Stanton, home of the popular Meramec Caverns.

St. Clair Today

Today, St. Clair stands as a vibrant community, blending its rich heritage with modern amenities. Its location along Route 66 continues to attract visitors, drawn by the town’s charm, history, and proximity to natural attractions. Whether you’re a history buff, a nature enthusiast, or simply seeking a taste of small-town America, St. Clair offers something for everyone.

Also See:

Sources: