Fairbanks House in Dedham, Massachusetts
The Fairbanks House, nestled in the historic town of Dedham, Massachusetts, stands as a remarkable testament to early colonial life in America. Widely regarded as one of the oldest timber-frame houses in the United States, this iconic structure offers a captivating glimpse into the past, showcasing the evolution of a "growing house" over several generations.
A Glimpse into the Past: The Fairbanks Family Legacy
The story of the Fairbanks House begins with Jonathan Fayerbanke, an English immigrant who sought a new life in the burgeoning colony of Massachusetts. In September 1636, Fayerbanke moved from Boston to Dedham, a town known for its fertile lands and opportunities for growth. It was here, in 1637 or 1638, that he laid the foundation for what would become the Fairbanks House.
The original structure, a modest dwelling, formed the central core of the house. It consisted of a small porch, a hall, and a parlor on the ground floor, with bed chambers located upstairs. As Fayerbanke prospered and acquired more land, he expanded his home to accommodate his growing family and social standing.
The "Growing House": An Architectural Journey
The Fairbanks House is a prime example of a "growing house," a common architectural phenomenon in colonial times. As families grew and their fortunes improved, they would add to their homes, reflecting their changing needs and aspirations.
In the case of the Fairbanks House, the first addition came in the form of a lean-to at the back of the house. This provided extra space for storage, cooking, or other domestic activities. Around 1641, a wing was added to the east side of the house, further expanding the living area.
The most significant additions occurred around 1654, when the west wing was constructed. This addition, along with the east wing, featured distinctive New England gambrel roofs, adding a touch of elegance and sophistication to the overall design. These additions were likely completed before Jonathan Fayerbanke’s death in 1668.
Architectural Details: A Window into Colonial Life
The Fairbanks House boasts a wealth of architectural details that provide valuable insights into colonial life. The entry porch in the original section of the house leads to a staircase that winds around the chimney, providing access to the second-floor bedrooms.
The east wing features a small porch that enters at the angle where the wing joins the original house. Inside, there is a parlor, a small bedroom on the lower floor, and a large room on the second floor, accessible via a winding staircase.
The west wing, entered from the hall of the original house, is believed to have served as sleeping quarters for laborers on the farm. Some historians suggest that the original house was built with oak timbers brought from England, a practice among early emigrants who needed to erect houses quickly for defensive purposes.
A Family Shrine: Preserving History for Generations
The Fairbanks House has remained in the possession of the Fairbanks family since its construction, a testament to their enduring commitment to preserving their heritage. Today, the house is open to the public, offering visitors a chance to step back in time and experience colonial life firsthand.
The house is furnished with family heirlooms, providing a glimpse into the daily lives of the Fairbanks family over the centuries. Despite interior alterations necessitated by repairs, plastering, painting, and wallpapering, the antiquity and authenticity of the structure remain evident to even the casual observer.
The Fairbanks House is meticulously maintained, a labor of love on the part of the Fairbanks descendants, for whom the dwelling is a family shrine. In recognition of its historical significance, the house was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1960.
Visiting the Fairbanks House: A Journey Through Time
A visit to the Fairbanks House is an immersive experience that transports you back to the 17th century. As you walk through the rooms, you can imagine the lives of the Fairbanks family, their struggles, and their triumphs.
The knowledgeable guides provide fascinating insights into the history of the house, the Fairbanks family, and colonial life in general. You can learn about the architectural techniques used to build the house, the materials that were used, and the challenges faced by the early settlers.
The Fairbanks House is more than just a building; it is a living testament to the enduring spirit of the American people. It is a place where history comes alive, and where visitors can connect with the past in a meaningful way.
Plan Your Visit
The Fairbanks House is located at 511 East Street, Dedham, Massachusetts 02026.
The house is open to the public for guided tours. Please check the Fairbanks House website or call 781-326-1170 for current hours of operation and admission fees.
Also See:
- Historic Sites and Buildings of Massachusetts
- Massachusetts – The Bay State
- Massachusetts Photo Gallery
- Settling of America – New England Settlements
By visiting the Fairbanks House, you are not only supporting the preservation of this historic landmark but also gaining a deeper understanding of the early American experience. It is an experience that will stay with you long after you leave, inspiring a sense of wonder and appreciation for the rich history of our nation.