Historic Women List

Throughout the annals of American history, women have consistently defied expectations, broken barriers, and left an indelible mark on society. Their contributions span a vast spectrum, from the realms of science, politics, and the arts to social reform, activism, and even the rugged landscapes of the Old West. This list, far from exhaustive, serves as a testament to the diverse and remarkable achievements of some of these historic women, offering a glimpse into their lives and legacies. These historic women each played a vital role in shaping the narrative of the nation. From pioneering physicians to courageous spies and intrepid pioneers, their stories are a tapestry of resilience, determination, and unwavering spirit. The historic women featured here represent just a small fraction of the countless women who have shaped American history, and their stories continue to inspire and motivate generations. The historic women that are listed have each overcome challenges and broken down barriers to pave the way for future generations. This compilation of historic women provides a brief overview of the lives and accomplishments of some remarkable individuals. Delving into the lives of these historic women reveals a rich tapestry of experiences, challenges, and triumphs.

A

Annie Heloise Abel (1873-1947): A historian and professor of considerable acclaim, Annie Heloise Abel distinguished herself through her meticulous and insightful studies of Native American history. Her academic rigor and dedication to the field earned her a place among the first thirty women in the United States to achieve the prestigious Doctor of Philosophy degree in history, a testament to her intellectual prowess and pioneering spirit.

Jane Addams (1860-1935): Jane Addams was a towering figure in the landscape of social reform and peace advocacy. A staunch pacifist and suffragist, she dedicated her life to championing the rights of the marginalized and promoting social justice. In 1931, she became the first American woman to receive the Nobel Peace Prize, a recognition of her tireless efforts to foster understanding and cooperation among nations. Demonstrating her commitment to the cause of peace, she generously donated her prize winnings to the Woman’s International League for Peace and Freedom, an organization she served as president.

Hannah Adams (1755-1831): Hannah Adams holds the distinction of being the first professional woman writer in the United States. Her meticulous historical research and engaging writing style made her a popular and respected author. Her most notable work, A Summary History of New England, published in 1799, provided a comprehensive and accessible account of the region’s past, contributing significantly to the understanding of early American history.

Louisa May Alcott (1832-1888): Louisa May Alcott’s life was one of diverse experiences and unwavering determination. Before achieving literary fame, she worked as a servant, seamstress, teacher, and even a Civil War nurse. Her experiences shaped her perspective and informed her writing, which resonated deeply with readers. Alcott’s most enduring work, Little Women, captured the hearts of generations with its portrayal of family life, female empowerment, and the pursuit of personal dreams.

Susan "Doc Susie" Anderson (1870-1960): In the rugged landscapes of Colorado, Susan Anderson, affectionately known as "Doc Susie," carved her path as a pioneer physician. Battling the prejudices of her time, she provided vital medical care to the residents of remote mountain communities, earning their respect and admiration through her skill, compassion, and unwavering dedication to her patients.

Susan Brownell Anthony (1820-1906): Susan Brownell Anthony stands as an iconic figure in the fight for women’s suffrage. After dedicating herself to the American Anti-Slavery Society, she channeled her passion and energy into the movement for women’s rights. Tirelessly campaigning for the right to vote, she became a symbol of female empowerment and a driving force behind the eventual passage of the 19th Amendment.

B

Anne Hennis Trotter Bailey (1742-1825): Known by the memorable moniker "Mad Ann," Anne Hennis Trotter Bailey was a formidable figure in the early American frontier. Serving as a scout, spy, and Indian fighter during the colonial Indian Wars and the American Revolution, she demonstrated remarkable courage and resourcefulness. Her knowledge of the terrain and her ability to navigate dangerous situations made her an invaluable asset to the American cause.

Dona Gertrudis "La Tules" Barcelo (1800-1852): In the bustling Territory of New Mexico during the Mexican-American War, Dona Gertrudis Barcelo, known as "La Tules," was a prominent businesswoman and a master gambler. As the owner of a successful saloon, she capitalized on the influx of American and Mexican traders along the Santa Fe Trail, amassing a considerable fortune through her shrewd business acumen and her skill at the gaming tables.

Ida B. Wells Barnett (1862-1931): Ida B. Wells Barnett was a fearless journalist and a tireless advocate for civil rights. As a black woman in a racially segregated society, she faced constant discrimination and threats, but she never wavered in her commitment to justice. She co-founded the NAACP and served as the first president of the Negro Fellowship League, working tirelessly to combat racial inequality and promote the rights of African Americans.

Clara Barton (1824-1912): During the Civil War, Clara Barton earned the enduring title of "Angel of the Battlefield" for her extraordinary acts of heroism in providing first aid to wounded soldiers. Her compassion and dedication to alleviating suffering led her to establish the American Red Cross, an organization that continues to provide vital humanitarian aid around the world.

Anne Bassett (1878-1956): Growing up on a ranch near the borders of Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah, Anne Bassett found herself drawn into the world of outlaws and cattle rustlers. Her association with Butch Cassidy’s Wild Bunch earned her a reputation as a daring and independent woman who defied societal expectations.

Martha McFarlane McGee Bell (1735-1829): Martha McFarlane McGee Bell played a courageous role in the American Revolution. Encountering General Cornwallis and the British Army, she skillfully gathered valuable information that she relayed to the American forces, contributing significantly to their efforts.

Sarah Bernhardt (1844-1923): Sarah Bernhardt, a renowned French actress, captivated audiences around the world with her theatrical talent and charisma. When she brought her performances to the United States, she was met with enthusiastic acclaim, earning her the affectionate nickname "The Divine Sarah."

Mary McLeod Bethune (1875-1955): Born to former slaves, Mary McLeod Bethune rose to become a prominent writer, educator, and champion of humanitarian causes. She dedicated her life to advocating for the civil rights and education of Black Americans, leaving a lasting legacy of empowerment and social progress.

Mary Bickerdyke (1817-1901): Mary Bickerdyke was a tireless and resourceful figure during the Civil War. Her unwavering focus was on improving the care of wounded Union soldiers, and she fearlessly navigated bureaucratic obstacles and challenging conditions to ensure that they received the best possible treatment.

Elizabeth Blackwell (1821-1910): Elizabeth Blackwell broke down barriers and shattered stereotypes when she became the first American woman to receive a medical doctor degree in 1849. Undeterred by the prejudices of her time, she opened the New York Infirmary for Women and Children and co-founded the Women’s Medical College, paving the way for future generations of female physicians.

Celia Ann "Mattie" Blaylock (1850-1888): Mattie Blaylock’s life became intertwined with that of Wyatt Earp after the death of his first wife. Often referred to as Wyatt’s "common law" wife, she lived a life marked by the excitement and danger of the Wild West.

Amelia Bloomer (1818-1894): Amelia Bloomer was a social reformer, suffragist, and publisher who challenged societal norms through her advocacy for women’s rights and her promotion of practical clothing. Her advocacy of "pants" outfits, later known as bloomers, sparked controversy and ridicule but also helped to advance the cause of women’s liberation.

Lizzie Borden (1860-1927): The infamous Lizzie Borden remains a figure of mystery and intrigue. As the sole suspect in the brutal ax murders of her father and stepmother in 1892, she was arrested, tried, and ultimately acquitted. However, the case remains unsolved, and the name Lizzie Borden continues to evoke speculation and debate.

Margaret Heffernan Borland (1824-1873): Margaret Heffernan Borland was a pioneering Texas rancher who defied gender roles and made her mark in the cattle industry. Owning over 10,000 cattle in 1873, she is believed to be the only woman to have led a cattle drive during the era of the Old West.

Anne Bonny (1700?-1782?): Anne Bonny, a woman of adventure and rebellion, abandoned conventional life to become a pirate. Sailing alongside Captain "Calico Jack" Rackham, she earned a reputation as a fearless and ruthless pirate, challenging the norms of her time and leaving her mark on the history of piracy.

Eilley Orrum Bowers (1827-1903): Eilley Orrum Bowers, known as the "Queen of the Comstock" and the "Washoe Seeress," was a prominent figure in the development of Utah. Her business acumen and her purported psychic abilities made her a popular and influential figure in the region.

Sarah A. Bowman (1813-1866): Sarah A. Bowman, known as "Great Western," lived a dynamic life on the American frontier. As a madame, cook, businesswoman, nurse, wife, and mother, she followed soldier camps and carved her own path in the often-lawless world of the West.

Mary Elizabeth Bowser (1839?-??): Born into slavery in Richmond, Virginia, Mary Elizabeth Bowser risked her life to become a Union spy during the Civil War. Gaining access to the Confederate White House as a member of Jefferson Davis’s staff, she provided valuable intelligence to the Union forces.

Marie Isabella Boyd (1844-1900): Marie Isabella Boyd, better known as Belle Boyd or Cleopatra of the Secession, served as a Confederate spy during the American Civil War. Using her charm and wit, she gathered information from Union officers and relayed it to Confederate General Stonewall Jackson.

Sarah Breedlove (1867-1919): See Madam C.J. Walker

Antoinette Louisa Brown (1825-1921): Antoinette Louisa Brown was a trailblazing social reformer, abolitionist, and suffragist. She broke down barriers when she became the nation’s first ordained female minister, and she continued to advocate for social justice throughout her life.

Margaret "Molly" Tobin Brown (1867-1932): Margaret "Molly" Tobin Brown, famously known as "The Unsinkable Molly Brown," survived the sinking of the Titanic. However, she was also a passionate advocate for women’s rights, playing a key role in establishing the Colorado chapter of the National American Women’s Suffrage Association.

Julie Bulette (18??-1867): Julie Bulette was a popular prostitute in Virginia City, Nevada, during the 1860s. Her life was tragically cut short when she was found murdered in her home in 1867.

Laura Bullion (1876?-1961): Laura Bullion, also known as Della Rose and Rose of the Wild Bunch, was associated with Butch Cassidy’s Wild Bunch. She played a role in their outlaw activities, contributing to the lore and legend of the Wild West.

S.M. Burche: S.M. Burche holds the distinction of being one of the few women appointed as a U.S. Deputy Marshal during the 19th century. Appointed by C.H. Thompson of Guthrie, Oklahoma, she enforced the law in a challenging and male-dominated environment.