Winston, New Mexico – Mining & Ranching in Sierra County
Nestled in the rugged landscape of Sierra County, New Mexico, lies the unassuming town of Winston. This historic locale, a testament to the enduring spirit of the American West, boasts a rich tapestry woven from threads of mining booms, ranching traditions, and the resilience of its inhabitants. Its story, punctuated by periods of prosperity and decline, paints a vivid picture of life in a frontier community, where fortunes were sought, and livelihoods were forged against the backdrop of a challenging environment.
Origins and Early Growth
The genesis of Winston can be traced back to the burgeoning mining activity in the nearby town of Chloride. As Chloride experienced a surge in population and development following the discovery of gold, some individuals sought a quieter, less congested environment. Approximately two and a half miles northwest of Chloride, they established a new settlement in 1881, initially christened Fairview.
Despite its proximity to the already established Chloride, with its existing commercial infrastructure, and the ever-present threat of Apache raids, Fairview experienced surprisingly rapid growth. By June of 1881, the fledgling community was abuzz with construction, boasting some 25 buildings in various stages of completion. Plans were underway for the construction of a well to secure a reliable water source, and announcements heralded the imminent arrival of a new hotel. This initial burst of development laid the foundation for a diverse local economy.
The burgeoning town soon supported a range of essential businesses and services. A smelter was established to process the ore extracted from the surrounding hills, while mercantile and general stores provided residents with necessary supplies. A butcher shop and grocery store catered to the community’s dietary needs, and a drug store offered medicinal remedies. For travelers and those seeking temporary lodging, two hotels provided accommodation. A doctor served the community’s medical needs, and a school was established to educate the children of Fairview. Adding to the town’s accessibility, a daily stagecoach route connected it to Engle Station, facilitating transportation and communication with the outside world. At its peak, Fairview, also known as Winston, New Mexico, reportedly boasted a population of around 500 residents.
Decline and Resurgence
As the mineral wealth in the vicinity of Chloride began to dwindle, Fairview experienced a corresponding decline in population. By 1889, the town’s population had plummeted to a mere 125 residents. The situation worsened further by 1897, when only 30 souls remained. Despite this dramatic downturn, the community persevered, evolving into a small trade center catering to the needs of local ranchers, farmers, and the few remaining prospectors who continued to scour the surrounding hills in search of untapped mineral deposits. Gradually, the population began to rebound, reaching approximately 100 residents by 1905.
A Peaceful Reputation Marred
Unlike many mining camps of the American West, Fairview never acquired a reputation for rampant violence and lawlessness. For the most part, its citizens were known for their quiet and peaceful demeanor, with the primary threat being the potential for attacks by the fierce Apache tribes that roamed the region. However, this reputation was irrevocably tarnished in September 1884 by a tragic incident that shook the peaceful community.
The incident involved a local rancher named George Quarles, who sought to borrow $500 from a merchant named Jacob Blum. When Blum refused the loan, Quarles became enraged. The following day, Quarles returned to Blum’s store, brandishing a six-gun and issuing threats. Blum retreated to the rear of the store to retrieve his own firearm, and Quarles followed him. George’s brother, Henry, who was already present in the store and armed, challenged Quarles as he pursued Blum. The enraged rancher turned his aggression towards Henry, firing his gun and missing. Henry retaliated, firing his own weapon and striking Quarles in the mouth, resulting in his instant death. A Coroner’s Jury subsequently ruled the killing as justifiable self-defense. This event, although isolated, served as a stark reminder of the potential for violence even in seemingly peaceful frontier communities like Winston, New Mexico.
The Legacy of Frank H. Winston
During Fairview’s formative years, Frank H. Winston emerged as one of the town’s most prominent and respected citizens. A native of Wisconsin, Winston initially settled in Grafton, another mining camp located approximately ten miles northwest of Fairview. In 1886, he relocated to Fairview, where he established a General Store and assumed the role of the town’s postmaster. His entrepreneurial spirit and commitment to the community extended beyond retail and postal services. By 1915, he held the positions of President of the Fairview Cattle Company and proprietor of the Fairview Garage. Furthermore, he dedicated himself to public service, serving in the New Mexico legislature.
Winston was widely regarded as a kind and compassionate individual, known for extending credit to his customers, particularly during periods of financial hardship, even when the prospect of repayment was slim. His generosity and unwavering support for the community earned him the enduring respect and affection of his fellow residents. Following his death on November 10, 1929, he was laid to rest in the nearby Chloride Cemetery. A year later, in a fitting tribute to his contributions and character, Fairview was officially renamed Winston, New Mexico, forever immortalizing his legacy.
Depression Era and Beyond
In the years following Winston’s death, the town experienced further fluctuations in population and economic activity. During the Great Depression, the area witnessed a renewed influx of families seeking to eke out a meager living through mining activities. By 1940, the population had swelled to approximately 400 residents. However, this resurgence proved to be short-lived. By 1946, the population had dwindled to around 250. In the 1950s, a devastating flood swept through the town, destroying numerous buildings and displacing even more residents. Throughout the ensuing decades, people continued to migrate away from Winston, New Mexico, leaving behind a small but resilient community of approximately 50 individuals.
Mining and Modern Winston
Over the course of its history, the mining district surrounding Winston has yielded an estimated $500,000 in silver and other valuable ores. While large-scale mining operations have largely ceased, mining activity continues in the area, focusing on the extraction of Zeolite, a versatile mineral with applications in agriculture, water and air filtration, and a wide range of other consumer products.
Despite the passage of time and the challenges it has faced, Winston retains a tangible connection to its past. Several historic buildings still stand as silent witnesses to the town’s rich history, including the 1890 schoolhouse, Frank Winston’s former home and store, the old post office, and a charming chapel. These structures serve as reminders of the town’s vibrant past and the enduring spirit of its inhabitants.
Community and Festivities
Each year, on the first Saturday of June, the community of Winston, New Mexico comes together to celebrate its heritage at the annual community fiesta. This lively event features a parade showcasing local pride, a barbecue offering delicious food, a flea market brimming with unique treasures, a quirky game of cow-chip poker, and a festive dance that brings the community together in celebration.
Visiting Winston
To reach Winston from Truth or Consequences, travelers can head north on I-25 to Exit 83, then take NM-181, followed by NM-52, and follow the signs to Winston. The nearby ghost town of Chloride, a mere two and a half miles away, offers a fascinating glimpse into the region’s mining past. A visit to Winston, New Mexico provides a unique opportunity to step back in time and experience the enduring spirit of the American West.